Zucchini in Spain (Cucurbita pepo) is widely cultivated due to its popularity and demand in Mediterranean cuisine. We explain its cultivation and irrigation controlled by probes.
The cultivation of zucchini in Spain
Weather conditions
Zucchini is a plant that requires a warm, sunny climate for optimal growth. In Spain, it is mainly grown in the Mediterranean and southern regions, where the climate is milder and conducive to cultivation. In spring and summer it is also grown in the northern area, but more in family gardens.
Soil preparation
Before planting zucchini, it is important to prepare the soil properly, free of weeds and well tilled. A well-drained soil rich in organic matter is recommended. Compost or organic fertilizer can be added to the soil to improve its quality and fertility.
Sowing
Planting zucchini is generally done in spring, when minimum temperatures do not fall below 10°C. Seeds can be sown directly into the soil or started in seedbeds and then transplanted into the field. The planting furrows should be wide, about 90 centimeters, because the plants reach a considerable size.
Irrigation
Zucchini requires regular watering to keep the soil moist, especially during dry periods.
Care, management and pruning
During plant growth, the presence of weeds must be controlled and eliminated to avoid competition for nutrients and water. It is favored by padding with straw to better maintain humidity. Organic fertilizers can be applied to ensure good growth and yield of zucchini.
Pruning is favorable, removing the oldest leaves and the suckers that remain after the male flower falls off, which have already done their job.
Trellising is also positive to prevent the zucchini from touching the ground.
Plagues and diseases
Some of the common pests that can affect zucchini include aphids, whiteflies, and spider mites. Additionally, diseases such as downy mildew and powdery mildew can also be a problem. The use of integrated control measures, such as crop rotation and the use of appropriate phytosanitary products, can help prevent and control these pests and diseases.
Harvest
Zucchini are generally ready to harvest 45 to 60 days after planting, depending on the variety and growing conditions. They should be picked when the fruits are firm and of adequate size, before they become too large and fibrous. It is recommended to cut the zucchini with a knife or scissors to avoid damaging the plant.
The cultivation of zucchini in Spain is common both in small family gardens and on commercial farms. It is a relatively easy crop to manage and can provide good production if proper cultivation practices are followed and pests and diseases are controlled.
Plantae sensor controlled irrigation
Control water needs with humidity sensors
It is important to evaluate the weather conditions, soil type, and individual needs of your zucchini plants. If the temperatures are high, the soil is dry or the plant shows signs of water stress, the humidity sensor will tell us that the frequency and amount of watering should be increased.
Regular watering
Zucchini needs a constant supply of water for optimal growth. In general, it is advisable to water zucchini regularly, making sure the soil is moist, but not waterlogged. Prevent the soil from drying out completely between waterings.
Deep irrigation
When you water the zucchini, make sure that the water reaches an adequate depth in the soil, for that we must install sensors at different depths. This will encourage deeper, more robust root development. Avoid superficial irrigation, drip irrigation is better, as this can cause superficial roots and make the plant more vulnerable to water stress.
Mulching or padding
Placing a layer of organic mulch around zucchini plants can help retain moisture in the soil and reduce evaporation. This will allow you to space out watering more, but ensuring that the soil remains constantly moist.
Drip irrigation or automatic irrigation system
These systems deliver water directly to the plants' root systems, preventing excessive evaporation and ensuring uniform water distribution.
Controlling humidity, root temperature and salinity with wireless probes prevents zucchini plants from suffering signs of water stress, such as wilted or limp leaves. At the same time, we avoid excess watering, as it can cause disease problems and root rot.
Each situation can be different, and it is important to adapt irrigation to the specific conditions of the crop.
Recipes with zucchini
Manchego ratatouille
- A sweet onion.
- A red pepper.
- A green pepper.
- A zucchini.
- One kilo of pear tomato.
- A clove of garlic (optional).
- A glass of extra virgin olive oil.
- Salt and pepper to taste.
Elaboration
- Sauté the chopped onion over medium heat for about ten minutes.
- Add the sliced peppers and sauté for another ten minutes.
- Cut the zucchini with skin into slices. We add it to the onion and pepper and continue sautéing until everything is tender.
- When everything is ready, add the chopped garlic and season with salt and pepper.
- We drain the oil.
- With the oil that we extract we make a fried tomato, with the tomatoes previously peeled and crushed with the blender or passed through a food mill.
- When we see that the oil floats on top of the tomato, it means that it is ready and we add it to the previous vegetables, previously seasoned with salt and pepper.
It can be frozen or stored in glass jars in the refrigerator. It can also be vacuum packed.
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